“Our Lord! Grant us the good of this world and the Hereafter, and protect us from the torment of the Fire.” 

Read the verses first and then come back for an understanding of what it means and what lessons can be taken away from them.

Advices for the Israelites V40-46

As in V2 of Baqarah, Allah tells the Israelites to have no doubt i.e. have full certainty. They're are told to believe in the Quran as it is that which confirms previous scriptures & prophets that were sent to them. "Do not be the first to deny them or trade them for a fleeting gain" this is referring to the practice of some Jewish authorities in Medina who contradicted certain rulings in the Torah by giving people lenient opinions only to please them in exchange for money i.e. selling their religion even though they knew the true ruling.

They're then given more advice on the means of advising. If there is something to advise another on, make sure you're not being a hypocrite and committing the same crime yourself. This is evidence that will be brought up against those whom do this. You knew the idea of an action being a crime and the crime will have a consequence both in the dunya and the hereafter. However, for those that are in this state it doesn't mean to stop advising, if anything it should be a motivation for you to correct yourself! This is where perfection lies. Checking yourself first and then correctly advising others in the correct manner. The worst state to be in is to not advise and to not check yourself.

Keep your prayers intact and humble yourself, this is when your prayers will benefit. Those whom pray without seeking patience indeed find the prayer to be burdensome. 

May Allah help us check ourselves before advising those around us, Ameen.